La Puebla de Valverde
Basic information
Sample name: La Puebla de Valverde

Reference: E. Heintz. 1978. La faune villafranchienne de la Puebla de Valverde, Teruel, Espagne. Composition qualitative et quantitative. Géologie Méditerranéene 5(2):277-280 [ER 3983]
Geography
Country: Spain

Coordinate: 40° 13' N, 1° 55' W
Latlng basis: stated in text

Time interval: Early Pleistocene

Max Ma: 2.14

Min Ma: 1.95

Age basis: other

Geography comments: the exact coordinate and elevation are given by Gautier and Heinz (1974), and the site is about 700 m from the town of the same name and 23 km from the city of Teruel in the province of Teruel (coordinates originally recorded as 40 13 8 and 2 45 41, apparently 40 13 and -0 55)
thought to be middle Villafranchian and in between the ages of Villaroya (older) and Valverde de Calatrava (younger) and close to Saint-Vallier based on biochronology (Gautier and Heintz 1974)
thought to be "2.14-1.95 Ma" by Madurell-Malapeira et al. (2014)

Environment
Lithology: siltstone

Habitat comments: the lithology is "limon calcaro-gréseux ocre rosé, plus ou moins induré, á petits graviers et concrétions calcaires et osssements" (meaning a calcareous-sandy silt with gravel, limestone concretions, and bones) (Gautier and Heintz 1974)
the accumulation resulted from a mass mortality event "near a watering point which dried out during an exceptional drought" and there are no traces of porcupine gnawing or long-distance transport (Gautier and Heintz 1974)

Methods
Life forms: carnivores, primates, rodents, ungulates, other small mammals, birds

Sampling methods: quarry

Sample size: 3418 specimens

Net or trap nights: 0

Basal area status: not applicable

Sampling comments: this inventory updates the one given by Gautier and Heintz (1974)

Metadata
Sample no: 4398

Contributor no: John Alroy

Enterer: John Alroy

Modifier no: John Alroy

Created: 2023-12-06 22:43:29

Modified: 2025-08-17 04:22:40

Abundance distribution
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts. Values are logged.
Statistics
28 species
6 singletons
total count 3418
geometric series index: 43.9
Fisher's α: 4.173
geometric series k: 0.7668
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7163
Shannon's H: 1.5938
Good's u: 0.9982
Register
Postpalerinaceus cf. vireti 1
valid, see van Dam et al. (2020)
Macaca sp. 2
Paradolichopithecus arvernensis 1
Canis cf. falconeri 4
Vulpes alopecoides (fox)5
Nyctereutes megamastoides 17
Ursus etruscus (bear)4
Pliocrocuta perrieri = †Pachycrocuta perrieri (hyena)15
"Hyaena perrieri"
Chasmaporthetes lunensis (hyena)1
Megantereon megantereon (saber-toothed cat)6
valid: see Li and Sun (2022)
Puma cf. pardoides 7
"Panthera cf. schaubi": see Cherin et al. (2013)
Acinonyx pardinensis (giant cheetah)8
Lynx issiodorensis (lynx)3
Felidae indet. I3
Felidae indet. II3
Mammuthus meridionalis (southern mammoth)2
Stephanorhinus etruscus (rhinoceros)43
"Dicerorhinus etruscus"
Equus stenonis (horse)1300
Croizetoceros ramosus pueblensis335
Cervus philisi (deer)2
"Cervus phillsi"
Eucladoceros senezensis vireti (deer)175
Gazella borbonica (gazelle)1200
Gazellospira torticornis (bovid)150
Gallogoral cf. meneghinii 125
Parapodemus sp. 3
Aquila sp. 1
Grus sp. 1
Corvus sp. 1