Khayrgas Cave - Layer 7 (1998–1999 pit)
Basic information
Sample name: Khayrgas Cave - Layer 7 (1998–1999 pit)
Reference: Y. V. Kuzmin, P. A. Kosintsev, A. D. Stepanov, G. G. Boeskorov, and R. J. Cruz. 2017. Chronology and faunal remains of the Khayrgas Cave (Eastern Siberia, Russia). Radiocarbon 59(2):575-582 [ER 3844]
Geography
Country: Russia
State: Yakutia (Republic of Sakha)
Coordinate: 60° 56' N, 117° 28' E
Latlng basis: stated in text
Time interval: Late Pleistocene
Section: 3844
Unit number: 4
Unit order: above to below
Max Ma: 0.0215
Min Ma: 0.02072
Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)
Geography comments: "Khayrgas Cave is located in the Middle Lena region of Yakutia (i.e. the Republic of Sakha) in the central part of eastern Siberia".
Two radiocarbon dates on bone from Layer 7 of the 1998–1999 pit range from 21, 500 ± 775 to 20, 720 ± 320 BP.
Two radiocarbon dates on bone from Layer 7 of the 1998–1999 pit range from 21, 500 ± 775 to 20, 720 ± 320 BP.
Environment
Lithology: not described
Taphonomic context: bird accumulation, carnivore accumulation, cave, human accumulation
Archaeology: bone tools, stone tools, other artifacts
Habitat comments: "Bone accumulation in the Khayrgas Cave was most likely due to the activity of predatory mammals (cave lion, wolf, red fox, ermine), birds of prey (eagle-owl), and humans".
"From Layer 7, 705 stone artifacts and 20 bone artifacts were recovered. The stone assemblage includes mostly wedge-shaped cores, blades, scrapers, and numerous flakes. Bone items are represented mainly by inset points and arrowheads".
"From Layer 7, 705 stone artifacts and 20 bone artifacts were recovered. The stone assemblage includes mostly wedge-shaped cores, blades, scrapers, and numerous flakes. Bone items are represented mainly by inset points and arrowheads".
Methods
Life forms: carnivores, rodents, ungulates, other small mammals
Sampling methods: quarry
Sample size: 16 specimens
Years: 1998 - 1999
Net or trap nights: 0
Basal area status: not applicable
Sampling comments: "Khayrgas Cave was found and initially excavated in 1984–1985, and was continued in 1998–1999, with a total of 103 m2 unearthed. About 17, 000 bones have been found at the site in total, although only a small fraction (6%) can be identified".
The species counts below pertain to the identified remains uncovered from Layer 7 of the 1998–1999 excavation pit. The remains from the 1985 pit are omitted as there is evidence suggesting a high degree of intermixing between layers.
The species counts below pertain to the identified remains uncovered from Layer 7 of the 1998–1999 excavation pit. The remains from the 1985 pit are omitted as there is evidence suggesting a high degree of intermixing between layers.
Metadata
Sample no: 4204
Contributor no: Benjamin Carter
Enterer: Benjamin Carter
Created: 2023-04-07 13:25:28
Modified: 2023-05-30 06:29:51
Abundance distribution
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts. Values are logged.
Statistics
11 species
6 singletons
total count 16
geometric series index: 48.4
Fisher's α: 15.541
geometric series k: 0.933
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.8917
Shannon's H: 2.3394
Good's u: 0.6625
Register
| Lepus timidus | 2 | |
| Spermophilus sp. | 1 | |
| Canis lupus (gray wolf) | 2 | 43.0 kg |
| Vulpes lagopus (Arctic fox) | 2 | |
| Ursus arctos (brown bear) | 1 | |
| Mustela erminea (stoat) | 1 | |
| †Mammuthus primigenius (woolly mammoth) | 1 | |
| Cervus elaphus (red deer) | 1 | |
| Rangifer tarandus (reindeer) | 1 | 69.0 kg |
| †Bison priscus (bison) | 2 | |
| †Coelodonta antiquitatis (woolly rhinoceros) | 2 | |