Grot Skeliastyi (III-3-x)
Basic information
Sample name: Grot Skeliastyi (III-3-x)
Reference: O. Kovalchuk, L. Rekovets, A. Tsvelykh, V. Yanenko, V. Manko, and S. Tajkova. 2021. Living in a time of change: Late Pleistocene/Holocene transitional vertebrate fauna of Grot Skeliastyi (Crimea, Ukraine). Historical Biology 33(10):2074-2084 [ER 3774]
Geography
Country: Ukraine
State: Crimea
Coordinate: 45° 48' 12" N, 34° 59' 57" E
Latlng basis: stated in text
Time interval: Late Pleistocene
Section: 3774
Unit number: 4
Unit order: below to above
Max Ma: 0.01162
Min Ma: 0.0112
Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)
Geography comments: "Grot Skeliastyi rock shelter is situated on the right bank of the Bodrak River, in the centre of Skeliaste village, Bakhchysarai District, within the second ridge of the Crimean Mountains, in south-western Crimea".
"Horizons III-3A, III-3-х, and III-2 were deposited during the Allerød interstadial, with radiocarbon dates ranging from 11, 620 ± 110 to 11, 200 ± 120 BP".
"Horizons III-3A, III-3-х, and III-2 were deposited during the Allerød interstadial, with radiocarbon dates ranging from 11, 620 ± 110 to 11, 200 ± 120 BP".
Environment
Lithology: sandstone
Taphonomic context: bird accumulation, human accumulation, rock shelter
Archaeology: stone tools
Habitat comments: "The rockshelter is a grotto under the mountain canopy, at a height of about 20 m above the water level. The site has an area of about 300 m2".
"The stratigraphy of distinguished cultural layers showed that there was almost continuous seasonal occupation of the site by people during the Bølling-Boreal. The rock shelter probably played the role of a logistical hunter’s camp. The remains of large mammals could have been a part of the prey of carnivores, but most of them are associated with the hunting activity of people who inhabited the rock shelter. The hunting preferences of visitors to the rock shelter was confirmed by the findings of numerous flint lunates, trapezes and triangles which were used as arrowheads. The small mammal and other vertebrate remains were most likley accumulated by birds, namely the Eurasian eagle owl".
"The stratigraphy of distinguished cultural layers showed that there was almost continuous seasonal occupation of the site by people during the Bølling-Boreal. The rock shelter probably played the role of a logistical hunter’s camp. The remains of large mammals could have been a part of the prey of carnivores, but most of them are associated with the hunting activity of people who inhabited the rock shelter. The hunting preferences of visitors to the rock shelter was confirmed by the findings of numerous flint lunates, trapezes and triangles which were used as arrowheads. The small mammal and other vertebrate remains were most likley accumulated by birds, namely the Eurasian eagle owl".
Methods
Life forms: bats, carnivores, rodents, ungulates, other small mammals, lizards, snakes, frogs, fishes
Sampling methods: quarry, screenwash
Sample size: 655 specimens
Net or trap nights: 0
Basal area status: not applicable
Sampling comments: "Grot Skeliastyi was discovered by Yu. Kolosov in 1983 and excavated by him in 1988–1989. Further research on this site was conducted by V. Cohen in 1993–1995. About 60 m2 were excavated at that time".
"Field works on the site were continued by research teams under the guidance of V. Manko in 2004–2007. During the excavations, another 28 m2 were explored. All of the sediment from the cultural layers was sieved and then washed".
"Field works on the site were continued by research teams under the guidance of V. Manko in 2004–2007. During the excavations, another 28 m2 were explored. All of the sediment from the cultural layers was sieved and then washed".
Metadata
Sample no: 4060
Contributor no: Benjamin Carter
Enterer: Benjamin Carter
Created: 2023-02-16 17:00:24
Modified: 2023-05-30 03:51:27
Abundance distribution
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts. Values are logged.
Statistics
27 species
9 singletons
total count 655
geometric series index: 52.5
Fisher's α: 5.676
geometric series k: 0.8028
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7291
Shannon's H: 1.8026
Good's u: 0.9863
Register
| Lynx lynx (Eurasian lynx) | 1 | |
| Canis lupus (gray wolf) | 1 | 43.0 kg |
| Vulpes vulpes (red fox) | 7 | |
| Equus hemionus hydruntinus (onager) | 2 | |
| "Equus hydruntinus" | ||
| Sus scrofa (pig) | 2 | |
| Cervus elaphus (red deer) | 54 | |
| Capreolus capreolus (roe deer) | 4 | |
| Saiga tatarica (saiga antelope) | 302 | |
| Lepus europaeus | 3 | 3.4 kg |
| Stylodipus telum | 19 | |
| Apodemus sp. | 10 | |
| "Sylvaemus sp." | ||
| Nothocricetulus migratorius | 1 | |
| "Cricetulus migratorius" | ||
| Cricetus cricetus | 115 | |
| Ellobius talpinus | 10 | |
| Microtus sp. | 88 | |
| also 72 Rodentia indet. | ||
| Chiroptera indet. | 2 | |
| Acipenseridae indet. | 1 | |
| Cyprinus carpio | 2 | |
| also 22 Cyprinidae indet. | ||
| Pelobates sp. | 1 | |
| Lacerta sp. | 1 | |
| Coronella austriaca | 1 | |
| Zamenis cf. longissimus | 1 | |
| Elaphe cf. quatuorlineata | 16 | |
| Elaphe sp. | 5 | |
| Natrix natrix | 1 | |
| Natrix sp. | 2 | |
| Vipera sp. | 3 | |
| also 2 Ophidia indet. | ||