Leopard's Hill Cave (Pre-Nachikufan)
Basic information
Sample name: Leopard's Hill Cave (Pre-Nachikufan)
Reference: R. G. Klein. 1984. Later Stone Age faunal samples from Heuningneskrans Shelter (Transvaal) and Leopard's Hill Cave (Zambia). South African Archaeological Bulletin 39:109-116 [ER 3102]
Geography
Country: Zambia
Coordinate: -15.25° S, 28.45° E
Basis of coordinate: stated in text
Geography comments: "a dolomite cave on the Zambian plateau roughly 55 km south-east of Lusaka"
"Bracketed between roughly 23 500 and 16 500 B.P. by radiocarbon dates"
"Bracketed between roughly 23 500 and 16 500 B.P. by radiocarbon dates"
Climate and habitat
Lithology: not described
Taphonomic context: cave, human accumulation, tools
Habitat comments: "3, 2 m of deposit overlying weathered bedrock" with this level including "A nondescript 'macrolithic' industry... informally referred to as 'Pre-Nachikufan' or 'Proto-LSA'... the occupants... focused mainly on small and medium-sized ungulates" and "apparently butchered larger animals at the spot where they died and only returned selected parts to the shelter"
Methods
Life forms: carnivores, rodents, ungulates, other large mammals, other small mammals
Sampling methods: quarry
Sample size: 287
Years: 1958
Metadata
Sample: 3388
Contributor: John Alroy
Enterer: John Alroy
Created: 2019-08-28 21:04:39
Modified: 2019-08-28 21:04:39
Abundance distribution
21 species
10 singletons
total count 287
standardised richness: 7.3
Fisher's α: 5.217
geometric series k: 0.7792
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.6887
Shannon's H: 1.6801
Good's u: 0.9652
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Register
| Leporidae indet. | 6 | |
| Thryonomys swinderianus | 1 | 5.2 kg |
| Hystrix africaeaustralis | 23 | 15 kg browser |
| Canis sp. | 1 | |
| Otocyon megalotis | 1 | 3.2 kg frugivore-invertivore |
| Mellivora capensis | 4 | 7.7 kg carnivore-invertivore |
| Aonyx capensis | 2 | 14 kg invertivore-carnivore |
| Herpestes ichneumon | 1 | 2.9 kg carnivore-insectivore |
| Mungos mungo | 3 | 1.5 kg insectivore-carnivore |
| Crocuta crocuta | 1 | 66 kg carnivore |
| Felidae indet. | 6 | |
| caracal or serval | ||
| Hyracoidea indet. | 1 | |
| Equus quagga burchellii | 38 | 100 kg grazer |
| "Equus burchelli" | ||
| Hippopotamus amphibius | 1 | 981 kg grazer |
| Phacochoerus africanus | 147 | 82 kg grazer-browser |
| "Phacochoerus aethiopicus" | ||
| Alcelaphinae indet. | 2 | |
| hartebeest or tsessebe | ||
| Connochaetes taurinus | 43 | 202 kg grazer-browser |
| Eudorcas thomsonii | 1 | 20 kg |
| "Gazella thomsoni" | ||
| Sylvicapra grimmia | 1 | 13 kg browser-grazer |
| Raphicerus sharpei | 3 | |
| Syncerus caffer | 1 | 544 kg grazer-browser |