Mass: 11 kg based on Van den Brink and Ma 1998

Diet: carnivore based on Zhang et al. 2011; invertivore-carnivore based on Do Linh San et al. 2007; invertivore-herbivore based on Palphramand et al. 2007

Abundance: 0.06 to 64.64% (median 1.95%)

Latitudinal range: 29.3° to 50.2°

Habitats: (15), Mediterranean woodland (3), desert/xeric shrubland (3), temperate broadleaf/mixed forest (12), temperate coniferous forest (1), tropical/subtropical dry broadleaf forest (1), tropical/subtropical moist broadleaf forest (1)

Found in 36 samples

Armenia: Hovk-1 Cave (Unit 4)

Bulgaria: Osogovo Mountain (Natura 2000 study), Osogovo Mountain (intensive study), Osogovo Mountain (opportunistic study)

China: Gutianshan National Nature Reserve, Shennongjia National Nature Reserve, Guanyinshan Nature Reserve, Shuidonggou Locality 12

Croatia: Mujina Pecina (Level C), Mujina Pecina (Level D2)

France: Côte d’Or, Salève

Iran: Wezmeh Cave

Iraq: Palegawra Cave

Israel: Shikma Biosphere Zone (spring), Shikma Biosphere Zone (summer), Shikma Biosphere Zone (winter)

Italy: Western Trento Province (2012), Cava Muracci, Riparo Biarzo (SU 5), Riparo Biarzo (SU 4 + 3B), Riparo Biarzo (SU 3A)

Japan: Fujiyoshida City, Yukiiri Fureainosato Park (spring 2001), Yukiiri Fureainosato Park (summer 2001)

Lebanon: Jabal Moussa Biosphere Reserve (spring)

Poland: Borsuka Cave (Level VII), Borsuka Cave (Level VI)

Russia: Geographical Society Cave

Spain: Larraga, Imanolen Arrobia

Switzerland: Zurich (movement photos)

Turkey: Yaylacik Research Forest, Marmaris, Ciglikara Nature Reserve

Ukraine: Mirnoe

♀ body mass	9800 kg	N = 44	Van den Brink and Ma 1998
♂ body mass	11400 kg	N = 39	Van den Brink and Ma 1998
♀ total body length	855 mm	N = 44	Van den Brink and Ma 1998
♂ total body length	857 mm	N = 39	Van den Brink and Ma 1998

See also Meles, Meles sp.