Mass: 11 kg based on Van den Brink and Ma 1998
Diet: carnivore based on Zhang et al. 2011; invertivore-carnivore based on Do Linh San et al. 2007; invertivore-herbivore based on Palphramand et al. 2007
Abundance: 0.06 to 64.64% (median 2.08%)
Latitudinal range: 29.3° to 50.2°Habitats: (15), Mediterranean woodland (3), desert/xeric shrubland (3), temperate broadleaf/mixed forest (13), temperate coniferous forest (1), tropical/subtropical dry broadleaf forest (1), tropical/subtropical moist broadleaf forest (1)
Found in 37 samples
Armenia: Hovk-1 Cave (Unit 4)
Bulgaria: Osogovo Mountain (Natura 2000 study), Osogovo Mountain (intensive study), Osogovo Mountain (opportunistic study)
China: Gutianshan National Nature Reserve, Shennongjia National Nature Reserve, Guanyinshan Nature Reserve, Shuidonggou Locality 12
Croatia: Mujina Pecina (Level C), Mujina Pecina (Level D2)
Iran: Wezmeh Cave
Iraq: Palegawra Cave
Israel: Shikma Biosphere Zone (spring), Shikma Biosphere Zone (summer), Shikma Biosphere Zone (winter)
Italy: Western Trento Province (2012), Cava Muracci, Riparo Biarzo (SU 5), Riparo Biarzo (SU 4 + 3B), Riparo Biarzo (SU 3A)
Japan: Fujiyoshida City, Yukiiri Fureainosato Park (spring 2001), Yukiiri Fureainosato Park (summer 2001)
Lebanon: Jabal Moussa Biosphere Reserve (spring)
Poland: Borsuka Cave (Level VII), Borsuka Cave (Level VI)
Russia: Geographical Society Cave
Spain: Larraga, Imanolen Arrobia
Switzerland: Zurich (movement photos)
Turkey: Yaylacik Research Forest, Marmaris, Ciglikara Nature Reserve, Koycegiz Wildlife Development Reserve
Ukraine: Mirnoe
♀ body mass | 9800 kg | N = 44 | Van den Brink and Ma 1998 |
♂ body mass | 11400 kg | N = 39 | Van den Brink and Ma 1998 |
♀ total body length | 855 mm | N = 44 | Van den Brink and Ma 1998 |
♂ total body length | 857 mm | N = 39 | Van den Brink and Ma 1998 |
See also Meles, Meles leucurus, Meles sp.